Spindle and tool coupling



July 7, 1942. L. J. RADERMACHER SPINDLE AND TooL coUPLING Filed July 5, 1940 Patented July 7, 1942 SPINDLE AND Toor. ooUPuNG Lawrence J. Radermacher, Hales Corners, Wis., assignor to Stokerunit Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application July 3, 1940, Serial No. 343,760

` (Cl. 'T7-58) 11 Claims.

This invention relates to spindle and tool coupling means, and more particularly for rotation of cutting tools in machine tools of the type generally termed boring machines.

In various machine tools and particularly in boring machines it is desirable to provide the rotatable tool spindle with coupling means for tools, such as drills, reamers and the like, to rotate coaxially with the spindle and also to provide for the lateral adjustment of other tools to change the work diameter effected thereby.

It is an object of the invention to effect improved spindle and tool coupling means providing for both concentric and laterally adjustable operation of the tools. A further object is to provide improved means for lateral tool adjustment and still other objects will be apparent from the specification.

The invention consists of the construction and combination of parts herein illustrated, described and claimed, and in suchmodications of the structure illustrated and described as are equivalent to the structure claimed.

The same reference characters are used to indicate the same parts throughout, and in the drawing:

Figure l shows a spindle corporating the invention, mostly in section line I-I of Fig. 2.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the device. partly in section along line 2-2 of Fig, 1.

Figure 3 is a partial section taken along line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

A tool spindle ID is supported for rotation in suitable bearings and driven through suitable transmission mechanism, not shown. The machine also provides a suitable work support, and suitable guides and actuating mechanism, not shown, for relative bodily reciprocatory movement of the spindle and work support in a path parallel to the spindle axis. Y

For the coupling with the spindle of tools such as drills, reamers and the like, the spindle provides a conically tapered bore IDa coaxial with the spindle, in which a complementary tapered shank of the tool, of Vwhich a portion is shown at l2, may be seated Aand retained by a draw rod such as I3, for aligning and driving the tool. It will be understood that the tool shown at I2 is usable alternatively with the tool carrier and boring tool to which this invention particularly relates and which are noW to be described At the front end the spindle provides a conical tapered bore IIlb which is axially parallel to the spindle axis A, but eccentric relative thereto,

and tool coupling inalong as indicated at B. A boring tool I5 provides a generally cylindrical extension or bar portion I5a, and a conical shank portion I5b complementary to the eccentric conical bore Illb and fitted therein, the conical portion I5b and extended cylindrical portions of thevboring bar being coaxial with the eccentric axis B.

The spindle and boring bar also provide opposed abutment flange portions IIlc, 'I5c mu tually abutting along a plane which is vertical to the axes A, B; the abutment portions providing oppositely conical side or end faces IIId, |511 and cylindrical exterior faces Ille, I5`e; the conical end faces and cylindrical exteriors being coaxial with the eccentric axis B.

Clamp ring means generally indicated as I5 includes ring portions IBa, I6b which may be adjusted toward 'one another by clamp screws such as I'I, I'I. The clamp ring also provides a bore having oppositely conical faces I'Sd, Idd respectively complementary to the conical faces Illd, ld and abutting therewith. Except as the bore of the clamp ring abuts at the conical faces as mentioned, there is clearance at all points thereof. The clamp ring bore is coaxial with the eccentric axis B while the exterior of the clamp ring, partly in order to effect balanced weight for the clamp means, is coaxial with the spindle axis A, the clamp ring being prevented from rotation relative tovspindle I0 by the means of a key or pin 20 engaging a suitable key slot 20a in the spindle. The construction described operates to rigidly clamp the boring tool I5 in any position of angular adjustment relative to the spindle I0 when the clamp screws I'l are tightened, the abutting flange portions being forced together simultaneously with the pressure engagement of the shank |517 in the conical bore Ib.

The boring tool I5 carries a cutting tool 'I8 suitably removably xed therewith and which, by reason of the eccentric relation of the axes A, B, will cut various diameters on a work piece during rotation of spindle I0 accordingly as the tool is adjusted to lvarious angular positions, relative to the spindle I0, by loosening the clamp screws I'I and rotating the conical shank portion I5b in the complementary tapered bore Ib. For eliecting such rotation a spanner wrench, not shown, may be applied to a drilled hole I9.

The cutting tool I8 will bore to a minimum diameter when the cutting edge stands in the angular position relative to axes A, B, as indicated in Fig. l, and will cut to maximum diameter when turned to directly opposite angular [g are, preferably, spaced and marked to indi-u cate increments of increase in the diameter of the bore cut by tool i8 in the various indicated' positions. Tool I8 may be adjusted outwardly by a screw I8a and clamped in adjusted position by a screw |8b, whereby to determine'the.

work diameter cut by the tool when in its zero position of the angular adjustment of thek tool relative to the spindle.

It will be understood that, while the coupling device is here' illustrated in connection with a soringtool'coupled' with the spindle IQ, the device may'also be similarly used for the coupling Aof a toolforl turning exterior' surfaces on a work piece.

What isclaimed is:

l. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable-spindle having a conical'bore axially parallel with'the spindle axis and eccentric relative thereto; the larger end of said bore being at'the-front end of the spindle, a tool having a conical shank portionA complementary to said eccentric Vbore and fitting' within the bore for transverse lo'cation and angular adjustment of the tool relative to said'spindle, said spindle and tool providing' complementary flange portions mutually abutting in' a plane vertical to the spindle axis' and'at the frontend of the spindle, clamp means' engaged over said flange portions for pressure. engagement of said abutting ange portions in various positions of said angular adjustment, and indicator means determinative of the amount `of said angular adjustment.

2. In"a machine tool the combination of a rotatable'spindle having aconical bore axially parallel with the spindle. axis and eccentric relative thereto, the larger end of said'bore being at'the front end of the spindle, a tool having a conical shank portion complementary to said eccentric bore and fitting within the bore for transverse' locationand angular adjustment of the'tool'relative to said-spindle, said spindle and tool providing complementary flange portions mutually abutting in a plane vertical to the spindle axis and at 'the front end of the spindle, said flange portions of the spindle'and tool respectively providing oppositely conical exterior clamping surfaces each coaxial with the eccentric axis of said conical bore, and a clamp ring device contractibly engaging said conical clamping surfaces whereby to'clamp said abutting flange faces together in various positions of said angular spindle and tooly adjustment.

3. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable spindle having a bore at the-front end thereof axially parallel with the spindle axis and eccentric relative thereto, a tool having a shank portion fitted within said eccentric bore for transverse location and angular adjustment of the tool relative to the spindle, said spindle and tool providing complementary fiange portions mutually abutting in a plane vertical to the spindle axis and at the front endvof the spindle, said flange portions ofthe spindle and tool providing oppositely conical exterior clamping surfaces each coaxial with the eccentric axis of said conical bore, and a clamp ring device contractibly engaging said conical clamping surfaces whereby to clamp said abutting ange surfaces together in various positions of said angular tool and spindle adjustment.

4. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable spindle having a bore at the front end thereof axially parallel with the spindle axis and eccentric relative thereto, a tool having a shank portion tted within said eccentric bore for transverse location and angular adjustment of the tool relative to the spindle, said spindle and tool providing complementary ange portions mutually abutting in a plane vertical to theY spindle axis and at the front end of the spindle, external clamp means adjustable and in pressure engagement over said abutting flange surfaces whereby to; clamp said spindle and tool in various positions of said angular adjustment, and indicator means determinative of the amount of said angular adjustment.

5. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable spindle having a conical bore axially parallel with the spindle axis and eccentric relative thereto, the larger end of said bore being at the front end of the spindle, a tool having a conical shank portion complementary to said eccentric bore and tting within the bore for transverse location and angular adjustment of the tool relative to. said spindle, and clamp means for fixing the relative angular adjustment position of said spindle and tool including complementary fiange portions respectively on said spindle and tool and providing mutually abutting pressure surfaces in a plane vertical to the spindle axis and at the front end of the spindle.

6. In a machine tool the combination of'a rotatable spindle having a conical bore axially parallel with the spindle axis and eccentric relative thereto, the larger end of said bore being at the front end of the spindle, a tool having a conical shank portion complementary to said eccentric v bore and fitting within the bore for transverse location and angular adjustment of the tool relative to said spindle, and clamp means for fixing the relative position of said spindle and tool in various positions of said angular adjustment including means for relative movement of said shank portion in the direction of the smaller end of said conical eccentric bore whereby to effect pressure engagement of the shankportion and the inner surface of the tool.

7. In a machine tool, the combination with a spindle rotatable upon its axis and provided in its end with a tapered bore having an axis parallel to and offset from the axis of the spindle, said spindle having an annular terminal fiange substantially concentric with said bore and eccentric respecting the axis of the spindle, a spindle extension having a tapered boss rotatably fitting in the bore of the spindle and also havlng an annular flange complementary to the spindle flange, at least one of said angeshaving an outwardly taperingsurface, clamp means embracing the respective anges of the spindle and the spindle extension and Iprovided with means for tightening it upon said flanges, whereby to x the angular position of the spindle extension respecting the spindle while at the same time forcing the extension boss into the tapered bore of the spindle, and a tool support on said spindle extension.

8. In a machine tool, the combination with a rotatable spindle having a tapered bore at its front end axially parallel with the spindle axis and oiset eccentrically with respect thereto, of a spindle extension having its end in abutment with the end of the spindle and provided centrally with a tapered boss complementary to the bore of the spindle and seated therein, a tool projecting laterally from said spindle extension and adjustable as to its radial projection from the spindle axis by the rotation of the extension boss in the spindle bore, and complementary flanges on the abutting end portions of the spindle and spindle extension, said flanges having frusto-conical clamp vSurfaces and a clamping ring comprising a plurality of sections having complementary surfaces engaged with the clamping surfaces of the spindle and spindle extension, said clamping ring being provided with means for drawing its several sections together upon the clamp surfaces of the spindle and spindle extension, whereby to hold said extension rigidly respecting said spindle while urging the extension boss into the bore of the spindle.

9. The combination with a spindle rotatable upon its axis and provided at its end with an annular flange eccentric respecting the spindle axis, of a spindle extension having a flange complementary to the flange of the spindle and comprising a tool carrier, at least one of said flanges being frusto-conically tapered, and a multiple section clamping ring having in its interior periphery flanges complementary to the respective anges of the spindle and the spindle extension, and means for drawing the sections of said ring together upon the flanges of the spindle and the spindle section, whereby to clamp the spindle extension rigidly to the spindle in any desired position of angular adjustment, said clamping ring providing between its flanges a guideway in which the flange of the spindle extension is rotatably adjustable when said clamping ring is loosened.

10. The device of claim 9 in which said ring has its external Aperiphery concentric with said spindle, said ring being provided with means fixing it against angular displacement respecting the spindle.

11. The combination with a spindle rotatable upon its center and provided with a terminal socket of circular cross section having its center slightly eccentric with respect to the spindle center, a peripheral flange means on the spindle, a tool carrier having a shank complementary to said socket and rotatable therein with its center slightly eccentric respecting the spindle center, said tool carrier having a shoulder outside of said shank in face abutment with the end of the spindle and being provided with peripheral flange means complementary to the ange means of the spindle, external clamping means spanning the flange means of the spindle and carrier and securing the carrier to the spindle while permitting rotative adjustment of the carrier respecting the spindle upon the eccentric axis of said socket, and a tool mounted on the carrier and having a working edge at a radial oiset from the carrier shank center materially exceeding the eccentricity of the carrier shank center with respect to the spindle center, whereby the spindle center will at all times lie well within the path described by the cutting edge of the tool in the adjustment of the tool and carrier unitarily about the eccentric axis of said socket, the said cutting edge being therefore exposed at `all times for operative engagement with the work to which it may be applied, irrespective of such adjustment.

LAWRENCE J. RADERMACHER. 

